Self-discharging wagon



W. LUDOWICI SELF DISGHARGING WAGON Oct. 4, 1932.

Filed March 3, 1932 vso i Patented Oct. 4, `193:2

PATENT FFI L'UDOWICI, OF J' OCKGRIM, PFALZ, GERMANY SELF-DISCHARGING WAGON Application 'lled Marchj 3, 1932, Serial No. 596,468, and. in Germany October 7, 1930.

My invention relates to seht-discharging Y Wagons. It isan object of my invention to provide a wagon ofthe kind described which is particularly suitable for handling materials of a more or less sticky character.

To this end, in combination with al frame and a bottom plate mounted to rock on the frame, I provide a car body which isplaced on the bottom plate in inverted position, being open at the top and at the bottom. The car body is mounted to be tilted on the frame about an axis atits t-op through the medium of the bottom plate.

Selfsdischarging wagons as designed here-v toforelpresent the drawback that while there is no trouble about handling -dry and readily flowing materials it is verv diiiicult to handle sticky materials or materials which have a tendency to settle into more or less compact conglomerates under the action of the inevitable shocks they undergo during shipping, and to stick to the car body and the bottom plate. With such materials it is often necessary to employ labor for detaching the material and cleaning the car body. Y

Another drawback of self-discharging wagons as designed heretofore is the unsatisfactory protection against inertia forces. TheY mechanism for discharging the wagon is subjected to high stress by these forces and the'moving members are not balanced to a sufficient extent so that Vtheir reaction on the frame of the car'is very detrimental, particularly if the mechanism is operated at high velocity. n y

It is another object of my invention to eliminate this drawback. Tothis end I so arrange the tilting car body and its rocking V.bottom plate that the load on the bottom plate balances the weight ofthe car body.

In a preferred embodiment'ofmy invention I' provide a car body which is wider at the bottom than at the top, and means for discharging to oppositev sides of the track by selectively tipping the car. body about one of two axes at opposite sides of its top.

In the drawing affixed to this specification and forming part thereof a double-sided selfdischarging wagon is killustrated diagram- 50 matically by way of example.

In the `drawing Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section on the central vertical plane of the wagon,

Fig. 2 is an end elevation, viewed from the left in Fig. 1, with the car body and bottom plate in normal position,

Fig. 3 is an end elevation viewed like Fig.

2 but showing the body and the bottom plate in discharging position,

Fig. 4 is a section on the line IV-IV in 60 F ig. 1, and

Fig. 5 shows one end of a modied wagon, partly in section on its central vertical plane.

Referring now to the drawing, 1 is the frame of the wagon which may be designed in any suitable manner, and 2, 3 are two fourwheeled trucks on which the frame is supported. 4 and 5 are vertical end frames at opposite ends of the wagon, 6 are bracing members extending from the ends of the frame 1 to the tops of the adjacent end frames 4 and 5, and 7, 8 are open bearings on the upper transom of each end frame.

' Mounted to rotate in the bearings 7, 7 and 8, 8 are journals at the ends of two parallel 75 shafts 9 and 10 which may extend along the sides of the top of the car body 11. By way of example the car body is shown as a truncated pyramid which is preferable toV a square box as the sloping walls favor the separation of the body and the material. 12

are slide bars, preferably of channel section, whichy are secured to the ends of the car bodyv 11 by suitable brackets, 13 are blocks which are mounted to slide in the bars, 14 are piston rods, each with a piston 16 at its lower end while its upper end is pivoted to the corresponding slide 13, 15 are cylinders in which the pistons 16 are mounted to slide, and 17 are trunnions on transverse bars 18 in the two end frames 4 and 5 about which the cylinders 15 are mounted to rock. The cylinders may contain a charge of air or gas orrmay be designed to draw in atmospheric air and to compres-s it, in order to damp the movements of the mechanism. The cylinders may also be supplied with gas or liquid under pressure for tilting the car body. In this case means for manual operation may be dispensed with, or the pneumatic or hydrauff. c

lic and the manual means may be provided together for alternating operation.

The shafts 9 and 10 serve alternately as Ythe'aXis about which the car body l1 is tilted. Fig. 3 shovvs the car body 11 and the bottom plate 30 opened out toward the left. rllhe car body is tilted about the bearings Which are opposite the discharging side, in the present instance, the bearings 8, 8 for the journals of the shaft 10. The journals of that shaft 9 or 10 about which the car body 11 is tilted, are retained by links 19 Which are mounted to rock and to slide on pivots 20 at the outer faces of the end frames 4 and 5.

The links 19 are normally atthe outer ends ing journals. 'When it is desired to tilt the i :il car body, as shovvn in Fig. 3, thelinks 19 for the shaft about which the car body is tilted, inthe present instance, the shaft 10, are left in their journal-engaging position vvhilethe links for the'other shaft, in the 'present instance, 9, arey shifted to the ends of their pivots so as to relieve the journals,

and hang down from their pivots 20. as shown in Fig. 3.

22 Aare central bearings on the frame 1 23 A* is a central longitudinal shaft in the bearings,and 24, 24 are plain rollers or Wheels for channeled rails 25 at the lovver face of the bottom plate 30 to run on. 26 and 27 are pinions near the ends of theshaft and 28, 29

lare 'racks' on the lovverl face of the bottom plate 30 meshing With the respective pinions.l 31 and 32 are a pair of links, Fig. 4L, each of Which kextends from one side ofv the bottom plate v30 to the opposite side of the car body `11, and 33, 34E are rovvs of rollers at opposite sides of the bottom of the car body 11 which connect the car body to the bottom plate. j

Af'vvorm Wheel 35 is secured to one end of thefcentral shaft 23 as shown in Fig. 2 and its vvorm36 is mountedon a transverse shaft 37 vin bearings 38 on the end frame 4. Any

f suitable means, not shown, maybe provided `for rotating the shaft 37. Obviously the Wheels 35,'the Worm36 and the shaft 37 may ',be duplicated atthe other end frame.

Fig. 5 shows one end of the Wagon equipped for exclusively 'hydraulic or pneumatic op-g Veration,[vvith the Worm gear for theshaft 23 omitted. As mentioned, pneumatic or hydraulic-'means and means for manual opera-` alternately.n j .f

If the shaft 37 is rotated the pinions 26 tion may bey provided together and operated and 27 move the bottom plate 30 toward the p discharging side.

At" the vsame time the side of the bottom plate which is oppositethe discharging side, is retained by the rollers 33 or 34 at the lovver'end of the car body which bear on the'bottom plate sothat in addition to being displaced transversely the bottom plate performs a rocking movement about the pinions 26, 27. j The transverse and rocking movements of the bottom plate 30 are transmitted to the car body 11 by the links 31 .andr 32 which cause the car body to be tilted about the shaft 10. The rollers 33 as that side ofthe car body which opens out, arelifted off the bottom plate 30 While the rollers 34 at the opposite side bear on the bottom plate, so thatthebottom plate' f rocks, and the car body is tilted, in opposite directions. l and the bottom plate move Withthe Vaxis of the shaft 10 as the fixedpivot'of'the system and open out Whilebeingr shifted tovvard the discharging side at the same time. .The material on the bottom plate 30 is completely exposed by the car body 11 and Will not be interfered with by the body as it slides down from the gradually steepening slope presented by the bottom plate 30. It is obvious thatin this manner even sticky and otherwise ob-Y structive materials may be discharged Without trouble. The discharging is favored if the car bodyis a truncated pyramid, i. e.

ln this manner/the lcarv b-ody.

Wider at the bottom than at. the top, as shown, Y

because the -material comes off the sloping Walls of the car body more easily than in a body having parallel Walls.

The inertia forces assist the discharging operation in a very favorable manner. rlhe car body 11 moves opposite direction to the bottom plate 30 and thev material which slides 'down .on the bottom plate, the'car body being lifted While the free side of th-elbottom plate.y

is lowered. This compares favorably ,vvith the defective balancing of inertia forces in the Wagons as designed heretofore. lt is a:

particular advantage of my arrangement that the balancing of the inertia forces is e'ected Without providing eXtra membersor Weights for this purpose. By means of the links 31 and 32 the bottom plate and the car body are gradually opened out While'the bottom*v plate moves in rotating the rollers3l.l Initially the mechanism may be considered as rotating labout the shaft 10 so that the major "portion of the moving Weight,'i. e., `the mayterial, is displaced horizontally in the vdischarging direction. YThis horizontal Vmovement 1s gradually translated into vdownward the end ofthe discharging operation the mai ITT) movement by the increasingslope of the bot-,f 1

'terial begins to slide down on the bottom plate 30, relieving the bottom plate. The Weight of the car body tends to return the parts into their initial position.

YIf it is desired to discharge to the left, the same operation is performed With the bearings 7 n closed by their links 19 and the bearings 8 opened.

It Will be understood that any suitable means other than the links 19 may be provided for opening and closing the bearings 7, 7 and 8, 8 and that these means may be operated by any suitable mechanism, not shown.

The links 3l and 82 Which connect the bottom plate to the car body may be arranged outside the car body instead of Within, as shown. lf arranged outside the links are protected against any detrimental influences the materialmay exert on them.

if the Wagon is designed for manual operation through the medium of the shaft, or shafts, 37, the pistons lG Will move to the upper ends of their cylinders during the tilting and rocking movements described, the

blocks 13 sliding in the channel bars l2 as y shown in Fig. 3 and upon the subsequent re- ATH turn of the car body 1l and the bottom plate in the normal position the pistons 16 return into their initial position,F ig. 2. The

,c pistons move in their cylinders against the resistance of a gas or liquid Which they compress or expel, and damp the movements of the several members.

In a Wagon which is operated by gas or liquid in the cylinders l5 the manually opperated means, if provided, are throvvn out by interrupting the connection of the Worm 36 and its Wheel 85 so that the central shaft 23 rotates freely. The pinions 26 are Vnot f, required if the car is operated exclusively by the cylinders l5, l5 but are preferably provided for guiding the bottom plate 80 at both ends so as to avoid edging of the plate if owing to any irregularity the piston in one z Vof the cylinders lags or leads With respect to the other piston. l

I Wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to theexact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications Will occur to a person skilled in the art.

In the claims affixed to this specification no selection of any particular modification of the invention is intended to the exclusion of '3 other modifica-tions thereof and the right to subsequently make .claim to any modification not covered by those claims is expressly re served.

l. A self-discharging Wagon comprising a frame, a bottom plate mounted to rock on and lto be displaced transversely With respect to said frame, an inverted car body mounted to frame, a bottom plate mounted to rock on and to be displaced transversely With respect to said frame, an inverted car body mounted to be tilted about an axis on said frame, means for tilting said car body about said axis, and means operatively connected to said car body for transversely displacing and rocking said bottom plate.

4. A self-discharging Wagon comprising a frame, a bottom plate mounted to rock on and to be displaced transversely with respect to said frame, an inverted car body mounted to be tilted about an axis on said frame, means for tilting said car body about said axis and for rocking and transversely displacing said bottom plate, and means for damping the movements of said car body and said bottom plate.

5. A self-discharging Wagon comprising a frame, a bottom plate mounted to rock on and to be displaced transversely With respect to said frame, an inverted car body mounted to be tilted about an axis on said frame, a central longitudinal shaft extending along said frame,-means for rotating said shaft, means on said shaft for transversely displacing said bottom plate, and means operatively connecting said car body and said bottom plate for imparting rocking movement to said bottom plate While said car body is being tilted about said axis.

6. A self-discharging Wagon comprising a frame, a bottom plate mounted to rock on and to be displaced transversely with respect to said frame, an inverted car body mounted,

' to be tilted about an axis on said frame, means for transversely displacing said bottom plate, and a pair of links cach extending from one side of said bottom plate to the opposite side of said car body.

7. A self-discharging Wagon comprising a frame, a bottom plate mounted to rock on and to be displaced transversely With respect to said frame, an inverted car body having Walls sloping outwardly from its top to its bottom mounted to be tilted about an axis on said frame, and means for tilting said car body about said axis and for rocking and transversely displacing said bottom plate.

8. A self-discharging Wagon comprising a frame, a bottom plate mounted to rock on and to be displaced transversely With respect ias l torsaidframe,r` an invertedA carl body,Y shafts at both sides of the top of said car body,v f'

bearingsor vthe reception of said shafts at opposite sides ofrsaid ram'efmeans for` opening and Closing said bearings7` and 'meansl'for tilting said carl body about'the aXis of the shaft the bearings of vvhich'are 'closed and for rocking and transversely displacingsa'id bottomplate. Y

9. Ay self-discharging` Wagon comprising a Aframe, a bottomV plate mounted to rock on and to be displaced transversely With respect to said-frame, rollers on which said bottom plate :isv supported, anlinverted car body mountedfto betilted about anvaxis on said frame, and means fortilting said-carbody about said axis and for rocking and transversely displacing said bottom plate.y

'10. A self-discharging Wagon comprising a frame, a bottom plate mounted to rock on and to be displaced vtransversely with' respect to said frame, an inverted car body, shafts at both sides of the'top of said car body, bearings for the 'reception of 'said ,f shafts at opposite sides of said frame7 means foropening and closing said-bearings, a v'cen-` tral longitudinal shaft extendingalongl said frame, a pinion on said shaft, a rack on said bottom plate meshing-With said sha-ft, means for rotating nsaid shaft5 and means for tilting said car body about said axis through the medium ofsaid-bottom plate.

1l. .A self-discharging WagonA comprisingv a frameya. bottom plate mounted to rockon and to be displaced transversely With respect to said frame, an inverted car body, shafts at both sides of the top of said car.body,'bear ings for the reception ,of said shafts at oppositesides of'said frame, means for openl ting andclosing said bearings', -a central longitudinal shaft extending,` along said frame, a pinion on said sl1aft,fa rack on said bottom platemeshing With sai dl sliatt,inanually operated means or rotating said shaft, and means M'tor tilting lsaid car body about said axis through the medium of said bottom plate.

In testimony whereof* I aliixmy signature.

' WILHELM LUDOWIGI.

Yse 

